A thousand miles starts with a single step: vascular accesses and difficult intubation in the trauma and intensive care areas

Article information

Trauma Image Proced. 2022;7(1):1-2

Publication date (electronic) : 2022 June 30

doi : https://doi.org/10.24184/tip.2022.7.1.1

Department of Traumatology, Incheon Regional Trauma Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea

Correspondence to Yang Bin Jeon Department of Traumatology, Incheon Regional Trauma Center, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, 21 Namdong-daero 774beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, Korea. Tel: +82-32-460-3010, Fax: +82-32-460-2372, E-mail: junyb@gilhospital.com

Received 2022 June 23; Accepted 2022 June 26.

Trauma patients have concentrated in trauma centers where they receive systematic treatment. The number of severe trauma patients has increased annually since the establishment of trauma centers in Korea in 2013. Injury appearance increased with the proportion of compound injuries instead of single injuries (81.1% versus 18.9%) and the emergency room mortality and post-admission mortality are 4.7% and 13.2% respectively [1]. The trauma system in Korea has greatly developed for many years with the close cooperation between the government and trauma centers. Trauma doctors’ knowledge about trauma and management procedures has also been greatly developed at the same time. Also recently the procedures performed in trauma resuscitation rooms have gradually changed to endovascular procedures. In particular, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is more popular than in the past in order to treat patients with traumatic hemorrhage. Therefore, some trauma centers require patients to obtain the femoral artery and venous route simultaneously on arrival, before vascular collapse occurs, and implement REBOA immediately when REBOA is needed. Some authors also carefully suggest that on the primary survey basis of advanced trauma life support (ATLS), ABCDE (airway, breathing, circulation, disability, environment, and exposure) should be added to provide early vascular guarantee for endovascular procedure and resuscitation, so as to produce the concept of AABCDE (airway and early vascular access, breathing, circulation, disability, environment, and exposure) [2]. Another problem as important as securing blood vessels is securing difficult airways. Video laryngoscope’s popularity does not damage the glottis for patients with difficult airway, does not force tracheal intubation, reduces complications, and saves time [3]. However, it seems that not all doctors working in emergency rooms and intensive care units are doing these procedures freely and/or have the correct anatomical blood vessel and trachea knowledge [4]. It is believed that this is due to the lack of a systematic education and undefined operation methods in various clinical departments. The rapid acquisition of airway and blood vessels is directly related to the life safety of patients, especially in the field of trauma, which can be overcome by repeated and systematic management education.

Therefore, this TIP (Trauma Image and Procedure) systematically collates and publishes the common central venous and arterial blood vessel accesses and difficult airway management in the trauma resuscitation room and intensive care unit, trying to categorize the common trauma procedures. I hope that through this opportunity, we can review and sort out our previous technical records, which will be helpful for future trauma surgeons.

Notes

Conflict of interest

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

References

1. 2020 외상등록체계 통계연보, 보건복지부.

2. 장성욱 외 번역. Top Stent 혈관내 하이브리드를 이용한 외상 및 출혈 관리, 1판, 서울: 군자출판사; 2021.

3. Paolini JB, Donati F, Drolet P. Review article: video-laryngoscopy: another tool for difficult intubation or a new paradigm in airway management? Can J Anaesth 2013;60(2):184–91.

4. Kong VY, Odendaal JJ, Weale R, Liu M, Keene CM, Sartorius B, et al. The correlation between ATLS and junior doctors’’ anatomical knowledge of central venous catheter insertion at a major trauma centre in South Africa. Injury 2018;49(2):203–7.

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